Amasahani y’ingǒgo y’inkomoko itatu agira uburyo bwinshi be n’ibigereranyo vyinshi, ntatandukanye gusa mu bunini ariko kandi n’uburemere. Abakoresha bamwebamwe boshobora kwibaza nimba uburemere bugira ico bukoze ku bijanye n’ingene umuntu akora. Nkako, uburemere ni ikintu gihambaye cane, bugira ingaruka zitaziguye ku bijanye n’ugushiraho ibintu, ingorane zo mu mutekano be n’ugushikama kw’umurongo. Ehe ukuntu bivugwa:
Uburyo bwo gushiramwo:Uko isahani y’ingǒgo iremera, ni ko igora gukoresha n’amaboko, bishobora gusaba igikoresho co gukura ibintu. Ivyo bituma igihe co gushiramwo iyo nkuru kiramba kandi bikongera ingorane zo kugwa iyo umuntu ari hejuru cane, ivyo bikaba bikenera ko habaho izindi ngingo zo kwirinda.
Uburyo bwo gukoresha:Uburemere bw’isahani y’ingǒgo buca buba umuzigo w’inyongera ku murongo. Kurenga umuzigo w’umugambi-ubushobozi bwo kwikorera bw’imirongo y’ivyuma n’iminara bishobora gutuma umuntu agira umubabaro mwinshi. Mu bihe bikomeye nk’umuyaga ukomeye, ivyo birashobora kwongereza ubushobozi bwo guhungabana no gushaza ku bihuza. Uburemere bw’ico gipande c’ingǒgo c’inkomoko itatu burafitaniye isano n’ivyo gikozwemwo be n’uburemere bwaco. Uburemere buke cane bwoshobora kwerekana ko ibikoresho vya mbere bitagira inkomezi zihagije, mu gihe uburemere burenze urugero atari ngombwa ko buba bwiza.
Ingingo ngenderwako:Igihe uhitamwo amasahani y’ingǒgo y’inkomoko itatu, zirikana umuzigo w’ugusenyuka n’ubushobozi bw’umunara bwo kwikorera umuzigo-kugira ngo wirinde impanuka ziterwa n’uburemere burengeye ubwo witeze.
Amasahani y’ingǒgo y’inkomoko itatu ni ibihimba nyamukuru mu mirongo y’amashanyarazi y’inguvu nyinshi-, bikaba bituma uburyo bwo gutanga amakuru buguma buhagaze kandi butekanye. Zifise uruhara runini mu migambi y’amashanyarazi kw’isi yose, cane cane imirongo y’amashanyarazi y’amashanyarazi y’inguvu nyinshi, kandi zaremewe n’abazikoresha bose.
Mu gihe co gukora amasahani y’ingǒgo y’inkomoko itatu, dushira imbere uburyo bw’ibintu, tukamenya neza ko bikomera kandi bikaba vyizigirwa. Ku bw’ivyo, duhitamwo gukoresha icuma gikomeye, kikaba kidafise gusa ubushobozi bwiza cane bwo gukora, ariko kandi kikaba gikomeye cane mu gukomera no gukomera. Ibikorwa vyayo ntibigira ico bikoze ku gihe kirekire-ugukomera kw’ugukomera n’uguhungabana kw’imirongo y’amashanyarazi, ivyo bikaba bituma umubumbe wose ukora neza. Ku bikorwa vy'umuzigo munini-, ivyuma vy'ivyuma navyo birashobora gutorwa. Biciye mu gucukura neza no gukoresha ubushuhe, irafise ubuhinga bwo mu mutima butagiramwo amazi n’imivyimba, ifise umuzigo wo guca ibice ugera kuri 600kN, ukaba uhuye n’ibisabwa vyo gutanga umuzigo uremereye-.
Ivyo bipande vy’ingǒgo vy’inkomoko itatu bimaze gukorwa birakoreshwa cane kugira ngo ntibibe bimeze nk’ibisebe, ivyo bikaba bituma bishobora gukoreshwa no mu mvura, mu rubura no mu bibanza vy’ubukonje. Igikoresho nyamukuru co kurwanya uburozi ni ugukoresha ivyuma bishasha, bihuye n’ingingo mfatirwako mpuzamakungu nka ASTM A153 na GB/T 13912. gutyo bikabuza gusenyuka.
Igipande c’ingǒgo c’inkomoko itatu ni ikintu nyamukuru mu bikoresho bifatanya ibintu mu nganda, kikaba gifise uruhara runini mu bikorwa nk’uguhingura imashini, ibikoresho vy’amashanyarazi be n’ubwubatsi. Biciye ku gutandukanya neza imyobo no ku guhingura umurongo, amabouti n’ibipimo birahuzwa, bikaba bishika ku nkomezi no ku gukomera.
Igishushanyo c'imyobo
Ku bijanye n’ugukoranya ibintu bisaba gushiramwo neza, ahantu h’umwobo hatoyi, mu bisanzwe hafi y’iminota 10 canke 15, harashobora gutorwa kugira ngo bibe bifatanye neza hagati y’ibihimba bifatanya, gutyo bikagabanya ukunyiganyiga n’uguhungabana. Ku bikorwa bisaba ibice binini vy’imibumbe, bisaba ko habaho ikibanza kinini c’imyobo, mu bisanzwe 30mm canke 50mm, kugira ngo igikorwa gikore neza.
Igishushanyo c'Ugufungura
Ku mabouti ya M6, turashobora guhingura umurongo w’umwobo w’iminota 6,5, ku mabouti ya M8, turashobora guhitamwo umurongo w’umwobo w’iminota 8,5. Ivyo bishobora guhuzwa n’ibikoresho bitandukanye vyo gufatanya. Mu gihe c’uguhingura, hakoreshwa imashini zo gucukura n’izo gusya zifise ubuhinga bwinshi kugira ngo ubuzinguzingu n’uburinganire bw’umurongo w’umwobo bishike ku rugero rwiza.
Ingano muri rusangi
Turatanga amasahani y’ingǒgo y’inkomoko itatu afise uburebure bw’uruhande rwa 50mm, 100mm, na 150mm, hamwe n’amasahani y’ingǒgo y’inkomoko zitatu afise uburebure bw’uruhande rwa 60mm×80mm n’uburebure bw’uruhande rwa 80mm×100mm, to 80mm×100mm, to Igihe ugura, turagusavye utubwire ivyo usaba vy’ukuri, natwe tuzohitamwo isahani y’ingǒgo ibereye kuruta izindi.
Nk’umuhinga mu bijanye n’uguhingura amasahani y’ingǒgo y’inkomoko zitatu, ishirahamwe ryacu rikora ibintu vy’ingǒgo bifise ubushobozi butandukanye bwo gutwara, ingero, n’ibisabwa vyo gufatanya. Guhindura ibintu ku buryo bubereye biraboneka kandi kugira ngo bihure n’ivyo abakoresha bakeneye. Ivyiyumviro rusangi ni ibi bikurikira:
Umuzigo muto
Umuzigo ugereranijwe 70kN-120kN, uburemere bugera kuri 1.8kg-6.5kg, ahanini ukoreshwa mu mirongo y’amashanyarazi y’umuriro uri hagati, umuzigo muto ugendagenda;
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Umuzigo uringaniye
Umuzigo ugereranijwe 160kN-300kN, uburemere bugera ku bilo 6,9-16, bubereye imirongo y’amashanyarazi y’inguvu nyinshi 110kV-220kV;
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Umuzigo uremereye
Umuzigo ugereranijwe 400kN - 600kN, uburemere bugera kuri 17,4kg-23,3kg, ubereye ku mirongo y’amashanyarazi y’inguvu nyinshi cane 330kV - 500kV+;
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Ibishushanyo vyahinduwe
Nimba igikorwa cawe co gukoresha gifise ibisabwa bidasanzwe, urashobora kandi kuvugana n’uruganda rwacu kugira ngo uhindure amasahani y’ingǒgo y’inkomoko itatu, kandi ubunini, uburemere n’umuzigo birashobora guhindurwa.
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Imisoro ishushe: amasahani y'ingǒgo y'inkomoko itatu, Ubushinwa amasahani y'ingǒgo y'inkomoko itatu abahinguzi, abagurisha, uruganda
