Ivyuma vy’ingǒgo vy’ivyuma vy’agaciro bifise ibikorwa vyinshi, ahanini vyibanda ku bijanye n’ubuhinga bw’amashanyarazi. Hashingiwe ku mice itandukanye y’ugukoresha, ibiranga umubabaro, n’ibisabwa vyo gufatanya, amasahani y’ingǒgo asanzwe agabanywa ahanini mu mice itatu:
Igipande c’ingǒgo c’inkomoko itatu: Ni co gikoreshwa cane kw’isoko ry’isi yose. Ukoresheje imiterere y’ubuhinga bw’ubudahinduka bw’inkomoko zitatu, birabereye ku bihe vy’imibabaro y’inzira nyinshi-. Ivyo bice bitatu ni vyo bifatanya, bishobora gutanga imizigo y'inzira nyinshi-. Ikindi kandi, uguhuza kw’ugusangira imibabaro kuratera imbere n’ibice birenga 40% ugereranyije n’ibindi bishushanyo. Uburebure bw’uruhande busanzwe n’umuzigo ugereranijwe birashobora guhindurwa;
Igipande c'ingǒgo c'umurongo: Gikoreshwa ku bikorwa vy'uguhuza umurongo canke vyinshi-bihuye, nk'ibifatanya intsinga z'urugendo rurerure-n'ibikoresho vyo gushiramwo ibikoresho. Kuva ku ruhande, isahani iraringaniye kandi ugusangira kw’imyobo kurahinduka. Ibice bishobora gufatanywa iruhande n’uruhande. Ingano isanzwe ni milimetero 150×100-600×300, kandi uburebure bwayo ni milimetero 8-25mm;
Ingǒgo y’ibara ry’agahama: Yagenewe ibintu bitari vyo bitera umubabaro, nk’iminara ihengamiye be n’ibintu bifadika bitaringaniye. Ihuza n’umwanya w’ugushirwaho uhengamiye kubera itandukaniro ry’uburebure bw’uruhande rwo hejuru n’urwo hasi rwo hasi, bikaba bituma iyo inguvu zija ihuye n’aho uburemere bw’inyubako buri hagati. Ikoreshwa cane mu mirongo y’amashanyarazi yo mu misozi no mu gufatanya umunara w’itumanaho.
Amasahani y’ingǒgo y’ivyuma bishushe-dip galvanized afise igiciro kinini co kugura mu ntango kuruta amasahani y’ingǒgo asanzwe, ariko ubushobozi bwayo bwo guhangana n’ugusenyuka n’ubuzima buramba buragabanya cane incuro zo gusubirizwa no gucungera, bikaba bituma agira igiciro-ciza muri rusangi. Aha hepfo hariho ibisobanuro vyabo:
| ishami | Urutonde rusanzwe | Ibisabwa bisanzwe |
| Ibikoresho vyo hasi | Q235/Q355 ivyuma bikomeye, 304/316 ivyuma bitagira ibara | GB/T 700, ASTM A36, RU 10025 |
| uburebure bw'urubaho rwa nyina | 6mm-30mm | Ukwihanganira ±0.3mm |
| Ingano y'ugufungura | 12mm-30mm (ihuye n'amabuye ya M12-M30) | Uruhome rw’ico kinogo ruraryoshe kandi nta burr-rufise, rufise ukwihangana kwa ±0.2mm. |
| Uburemere bw'uruzitiro rwa zinc | Irengeye canke ingana na 85μm (itegeko), Irengeye canke ingana na 120μm (ikomejwe) | GB/T 13912, ASTM A123 |
| Ukwifatanya kw'ibipfukisho vya zinc | Irengeye canke ingana na 70N/mm2. | Nta gusenyuka canke gusenyuka vyabonetse mu gihe c’ikigeragezo co guca umusaraba-. |
| Umuzigo ugereranijwe | 5kN-150kN | Nta guhinduka guhoraho kwabonetse mu gihe c’ikigeragezo c’umuzigo. |
| Ubushuhe bwo gukoresha | -40 degre -80 degre | Nta gusenyuka kw'ibikorwa mu bidukikije vy'ubushuhe bwinshi n'ubuke |
| Urugero rwo kunanira uburozi | Nta n'umugese utukura inyuma y'amasaha arenga canke angana na 48 y'ikigeragezo c'umunyu udafise aho uhengamiye | Ibereye ibidukikije bikomeye nk'ivyo hanze n'ibidukikije bishobora gusenyuka cane |
Amasahani y’ingǒgo akozwe mu mazi ashushe-akoreshwa cane kw’isi yose, ariko none vyoba biterwa gusa n’uko ashobora guhangana n’ugusenyuka? Mu vy’ukuri, oya. Uretse ko zidashobora gusenyuka, zifise n’ibindi vyiza vyinshi vy’ishimikiro vy’uguhiganwa vyatumye zishimwa n’abafatanyabikorwa mpuzamakungu:
Gushikama
Kugira ngo umuntu ashike ku gushikama bisaba ibikoresho vy’ishimikiro vy’agaciro kanini-n’imiterere y’ubuhinga. Ivyuma vy’ivyuma bifise ubushobozi bwo gukomera 375-570MPa n’ubukomezi bwo gukomera burengeye canke bungana na 235MPa, bishobora kwihanganira amatoni mirongo y’ugukomera kw’imirongo n’imitwaro ikaze cane ata ngorane yo guhinduka kw’ipulasitike. No mu bidukikije bikomeye cane nk’aho ari hejuru cane n’ubushuhe buke canke ubushuhe bwinshi bwo mu bugaragwa, ubushobozi ntibuzosenyuka, kandi ugushikama kurakomeye cane.
Guhinduranya no guhindura
Iboneka mu mice itandukanye n’ibigereranyo, kuva ku bunini gushika ku mibumbe, vyose birashobora guhindurwa nk’uko umuntu abishaka. Mu gihe co gushiramwo, ifasha guhuza amabuye, guhuza amapine, n'uguhuza snap-fit. Kuva ku bubasha gushika ku guhanahana amakuru, kuva ku gutwara abantu n’ibintu gushika ku kwubaka, biratanga inyishu zishobora guhindurwa. Ni igice c’uguhuza gishobora gukoreshwa mu buryo bwinshi cane. Ivyo bikoresho bishobora guhindura neza ivyo abakoresha bakeneye.
Ibikorwa vy'igiciro kinini
Reka dutangure n’ugutunganya no kubungabunga. Abakoresha benshi ntibazi vyinshi ku bijanye n’amasahani y’ingǒgo akozwe mu giti n’ingene yoyabungabunga no kuyabungabunga. Ariko rero, ntizikeneye gusubirwamwo mu myaka 20-zikoreshwa, ivyo bikaba bigabanya cane amahera yo kuzibungabunga. Ikindi kandi, gukora ibintu vyinshi birashobora kugenzura ibiciro, bikaba bituma ababikoresha bashobora kuronka ibiciro bihuye n’ibindi mu gihe nyene bibona ko uburyo bwo kubikora buhuye n’ibisabwa kw’isi yose.
Kugira ngo turonke icubahiro c’abakoresha ku bijanye n’uburyo bwacu bwo kugenzura uburyo, turabandanya gukomeza ugushigikira amakuru n’ukubahiriza amategeko kugira ngo twiyemeze ko amasahani yacu y’ingǒgo akozwe mu gicupa gishushe-yuzuye ibisabwa bikomeye vy’uburyo bw’isoko mpuzamakungu.
Ugutahura neza
Uburebure bw’uruhande n’uburemere bipimwa n’ibipimo vy’ubuhinga bwa none (vernier calipers) bifise ukuri kwa ±0.01mm. Igitigiri c’imyobo n’aho kiri bisuzumwa hakoreshejwe igikoresho co gupima imyobo n’imashini yo gupima uburinganire ifise ukunyuranya kw’aho imyobo iri hasi canke kungana na 0,3mm n’ukwihanganira umurongo w’imyobo ±0,2mm.
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Ibiranga ubuhinga
Inkomezi z’ugukomera kw’ibikoresho vy’ishimikiro vya Q235 ni Ninini canke zingana na 375MPa, kandi iz’ibikoresho vy’ishimikiro vya Q355 ni Ninini kuruta canke zingana na 470MPa. Igerageza ry’inkomezi z’ugupfukama rikorwa hakurikijwe ingingo ngenderwako ya GB/T 232-2010. Igikoresho co gupfukama ni Kinini canke kingana na degre 180 ata n’imivyimba canke imivyimba, bikaba bituma umubumbe uhagarara neza mu gihe c’imitwaro ikaze cane.
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Uburyo bwo gupfuka zinc
Igipfukisho ca zinc kirengeye canke kingana na 85μm, ukwifatanya kugeragezwa n’ikigeragezo co guca umusaraba, ukwifatanya Kurengeye canke kingana na 70N/mm2, ikigeragezo co gutera umunyu kitagira aho kigarukira hakurikijwe ingingo ngenderwako ya ASTM B117, ikigeragezo gikomeza c’amasaha 48, nta n’umugese w’umutuku canke zinc, ibidukikije bishobora gutera ivyatsi nk’umunyu mwinshi wo mu kiyaga;
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Igenzura ry'amaso
Hakoreshwa ubuhinga bwo gusuzuma ibintu biciye ku maso, ugusuzuma ibintu bikoresheje ibirahuri bikura be n’ugusuzuma ibintu bikoresheje amabuye y’agaciro. Igishushanyo gikenewe kuba gisanzwe, gifise uruzitiro rumwe rw’ivyuma, kandi kitagira utunenge nk’imivyimba, ibihengeri, ibihimba vy’ivyuma, ivyuma, n’uguhinduka, kugira ngo bibe vyiza mu mibumbe n’umutekano wo kwikorera umuzigo-. Igitigiri c’abatsinda kiri hejuru ya 99,8%.
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Imisoro ishushe: hot-dip ingǒgo isahani, Ubushinwa hot-dip ingǒgo isahani abahinguzi, abagurisha, uruganda
